VARIETAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOYBEAN YIELD FORMATION UNDER DIFFERENT TILLAGE SYSTEMS IN THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2310-0478-2026-1-73-78Keywords:
soybean, tillage system, conventional tillage, mini-till, strip-till, cultivar traits, seed mass, yieldAbstract
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is one of the leading grain legume crops in global agriculture due to its high protein and oil contents, which determine its substantial importance for food and feed production. Under conditions of increasing agricultural intensification, the implementation of resource-saving tillage systems has become increasingly relevant, as such systems are capable of reducing energy inputs and mitigating soil erosion processes. However, their effects on soybean productivity under the soil and climatic conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine remain insufficiently studied. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of conventional, reduced (Mini-till), and strip tillage (Strip-till) systems on individual plant productivity and yield performance of two mid-season soybean cultivars, ES Mentor and Pallada. Field experiments were conducted during 2024–2025 on podzolized chernozem soil with a heavy loam texture, using a split-plot design with four replications. Seed mass per plant was evaluated as an integral indicator of individual productivity, along with overall crop yield. The results demonstrated that the tillage system significantly affected the formation of soybean productivity traits. The highest seed mass per plant and yield levels were obtained under the conventional tillage system, which can be attributed to more favorable agrophysical soil properties and improved conditions for root system development. The application of Mini-till and Strip-till systems resulted in a moderate but statistically stable reduction in seed mass per plant (by 3–4%) and yield (by 2.6–3.2%) compared with conventional tillage. Nevertheless, productivity levels under reduced tillage systems remained close to the control and within the range of moderate variability. The cultivar ES Mentor significantly outperformed Pallada across all productivity parameters regardless of the tillage system, indicating the dominant role of the varietal factor in yield formation. The absence of a significant “cultivar × tillage system” interaction suggests a uniform cultivar response to the studied agronomic practices. Overall, the findings confirm the feasibility of applying reduced and strip tillage systems in combination with high-yielding soybean cultivars as a component of sustainable and resource-efficient agriculture in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.
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Насіння сільськогосподарських культур. Методи визначення якості : ДСТУ 4138–2002. Київ : Держстандарт України, 2003. 173 с.
