YIELD INDICATORS OF WINTER TRITICALE UNDER THE INTEGRATED ACTION OF HERBICIDES AND PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS

Abstract

The current task of agricultural production is to develop technologies that contribute to increasing crop yields while minimising the impact on the environment and human health. Integrated schemes for the use of herbicides and plant growth regulators can serve as elements of such technologies. The purpose of the article is to study the integrated action of herbicides Kaiver (15; 20; 25; 30 g/ha) and Puma Super (0.6; 0.8; 1.0; 1.2 l/ha) with the plant growth regulator Radostim (50 ml/ha) on the yield and quality of winter triticale grain. Field and laboratory experiments were conducted during 2024–2025. The effect of the herbicides Kaiver (Tribenuron-methyl 750 g/kg, manufacturer – Solantis, Spain), Puma Super (fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, 69 g/l + mefenpir-diethyl 75 g/l (antidote), manufacturer – Bayer, Germany) and the plant growth regulator Radostim (products of the vital activity of microfungi (saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (C14-C28), polysaccharides, 15 amino acids, analogues of cytokinin and fusin phytohormones)) – 0.3 g/l, complex of biogenic microelements – 1.75 g/l, potassium salt of alpha-naphthylacetic acid – 1 mg/l, manufacturer – Agrobiotech, Ukraine) were studied in crops of winter triticale variety Garne. Field experiments were conducted using a systematic method. The experiment was repeated three times. The sowing rate for the winter triticale variety Garne was 4 million viable seeds per hectare. Herbicides and plant growth regulators were applied during the full tillering phase of the crop at rates of 15, 20, 25, and 30 g/ha for Kaiver; 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2 l/ha for Pumi Super; and 50 ml/ha for Radostim. The crops were sprayed using a DS-3WF-3 battery-powered backpack sprayer at a rate of 200 l/ha of working mixture. It has been established that the integrated action of the herbicides Kaiver and Puma Super with the plant growth regulator Radostim ensures the proper formation of winter triticale grain yield and quality, in particular, the herbicide Kaiver at a rate of 25 g/ha, Puma Super at a rate of 1.0 l/ha, applied in combination with the plant growth regulator Radostim at a rate of 50 ml/ ha, ensured an average increase in winter triticale grain yield of 19 and 25%, respectively, over the years of research, with an increase in thousand-grain weight of 4 and 6%, grain nature – 1 and 2%, and grain protein content – 1.7 and 1.1%.