FEATURES OF PLANTS SEASONAL RHYTHMS ACTINIDES (ACTINIDIA LINDL.) IN THE RIGHT BANK FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE

Abstract

The results of studies on the effectiveness of introduction in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine and the study of the phenological characteristics of the growth and development of plants of Actinidia varieties (Actinidia Lindl.) Are presented. The time of passage of the phenological phases of the seasonal cycle of growth and development of uterine plants is considered. The most popular for landscaping and use in gardening varieties of actinidia, which are recommended for cultivation in the soil and climatic conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, were introduced and summarized.It is shown that the climatic conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine ensure the passage of the full cycle of seasonal plant development of introduced varieties of Аctinidia. The number of days from swelling, cracking and disclosure of buds before the start of fruit ripening, depending on the variety, is: 121–157 days, the fruits fully ripen, which indicates the successful introduction of these varieties in the study region. The growth of shoots in actinidia plants is uneven during the growing season. The intensity and duration of growth processes depends on the variety, type of shoots (vegetative, generative and vegetative-generative), air temperature and amount of precipitation. It is proved that the period of active growth of vegetative and vegetative-generative shoots falls in June-mid July, shoots of male actinidia plants are characterized by intensive growth compared with shoots of female plants. The studied varieties of Аctinidia are characterized by high vegetative productivity, which is the biological basis for the proper breeding.