MORPHO-BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF CULTURE OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L. UNDER GROWTH REGULATORS TREATMENT

Abstract

In the technological process the application of plant growth regulators is perspective for increase the yield of different agricultural crops. The purpose of the research was determination of the influence of growth regulators Reastim (1,0 g/l) and Heteroauxin (0,2 g/l) on morphological and biological characteristics and mesostructure indicators of leaf of Phaseolus vulgaris L.For the research bean plants of Pervomayskaya variety were used. The treatment of plants was conducted in the phase of 2 true leaves with water solutions of Reastim (1,0 g/l) and Heteroauxin (0,2 g/l) until full wetting of leaves. During research the mesostructural parameters of the leaf, the area of the leaf surface, the mass of the above-ground part and the root system, the length of the root were determined.It was established that growth-stimulating preparations - Reastim (1,0 g/l) and Heteroauxin (0,2 g/l) resulted the significant changes in the morphogenesis of bean plants. Using of Reastim leads to a decrease in plant height by 12%, while Heteroauxin increases this parameter by 40,6%. Under the influence of Heteroauxin the crude mass of the above-ground part of beans plants increases by 11% compared with control. Processing of plants with Reastym did not changed this indicator.It was established that the processing of bean plants in the phase of 2 true leaves by plant growth regulators increased the indicator of raw mass of roots: use of Reastim enlarged it by 69%, and under the influence of heteroauxin the mass increased by 56%. It was investigated that the Reastum treatment increased the length of the main root by 25% compared with the control, and for the use of Heterouxin this index did not change. However, the use of both preparations increased the growth of lateral roots of the second and nextorders.Growth regulators treatment increased the area of the leaf surface of bean plants. It was established that in the treated bean plants the leaf plate thickened because of development of assimilation tissue in both experimental variants. The action of the applied drugs resulted a decrease in the linear size of the cells of the spongiform parenchyma, but the volume of the cells of the spongiform parenchyma in the leaf increased.Treatment of plants by growth regulators influenced on the peculiarities of the formation of the stomata apparatusof bean leaves. Under the influence of plant growth regulators the number of epidermis cells, the number of stomata and their area increased compared with control. That was an important anatomical component of the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus, because an increase of the number of stomachs and their sizes led to increase gas exchange of the leaf.The questions about the study of the influence of new generation growth regulators on the productivity of different varieties of leguminous crops remains actual.