STRATIFICATION AND GERMINATION OF SEEDS OF THE VARIETIES OF GOLDEN CURRANT (RIBES AUREUM PURSH.)
Keywords:
stratification, substrate, germination of seeds, golden currantAbstract
The ability to propagate by seeds of the varieties of golden currant are investigated, as well as the influence of the substrate and exposure of stratification on the germination of seeds in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine. The best substrates for the stratification of seed of golden currant and timing of seed stratification are identified. The germination of seeds of the varieties of golden currant are depends on the substrate and duration of stratification. Germination rate can be increased by wet cooling in sand, peat, humus, sawdust, moss, soil. The seeds undergo of physiological dormancy that is broken by 90–120 days of cold stratification. Some authors said that the physiological dormancy of seed of the varieties of golden currant is broken by 120–130 days of cold stratification (temperature 4 °C) in a wet substrate. Other authors indicated that should be conducted at the temperature of 1–4 °C during 75–80 days. To assist with germination and the establishment of new plant, it is often helpful to soak seeds in water for 48 hours. The seeds of the varieties of golden currant used by 150 pcs., the repeatability of the experiment is fourfold in each variant of the experiment.It was established, that the best substrate for germination of seed of the variety Pyryatynska was sawdust. After 120 days of stratification the percentage of germinated seeds was 79,5 %. The worst substrate was humus. The yield of germinated seeds was 67,5 %.The best substrates for stratification of seed of the variety Vyshneva is sand and sawdust. The percentage of germinated seeds was 76,8 % (the exposure of stratification is 120 days). The worst substrate was humus. The yield of germinated seeds was 67,3 %.The best substrates for stratification of seed of the variety Druzhna is sand. The yield of germinated seeds was 74,9 %. The worst substrate was humus — 67,0 % and soil — 68,4 %.There was a clear trend of increasing the yield of germinated seeds when the duration of stratification was increasing, and the factor of «the duration of stratification» affected on the germination of seed of the varieties of golden currant.The best substrates for germination of seed of the varieties of golden currant are sand, sawdust and moss. A smaller percentage of sprouted seeds was in soil, humus and peat, probably due to insufficient aeration of seeds. It is impractical to use soil, humus and peat as substrates for stratification of seed of the varieties of golden currant.
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