INTRODUCTION OF RARE AND ENDANGERED TREE AND SHRUB SPECIES IN THE BOTANICAL NURSERY OF UMAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND PROSPECTS OF USING THEM IN LANDSCAPING

Abstract

The article is devoted to studying bio-morphological and ecological peculiarities of rare, endangered and relict tree and shrub species and their introduction in the conditions of botanical nursery of Uman National University of Horticulture.Bio-morphological, ecological and decorative peculiarities of 10 plant species are studied: Ginkgo biloba L., Taxus baccota L., Staphýlea pinnata L., Euonymus nana Bieb., Rhododendron luteum Sweet., Magnolia Kobus Thunb., Amygdalus nana L., Liriodendron tulipiferum L., Hedera helix L., Corylus colurna L. Comparative morphological researches of introduced species with herbarium specimens of Herbarium Fund of Department of Landscape Gardening of Uman NUH are carried out to confirm their reintroduction, as well as prospects for use in landscaping. Introduced species of collection botanical nursery are described which are mother plants for preparing grafts to provide a reserve of output planting material that is grown from stem cuttings in greenhouse conditions. The urgency of carrying out studies on biological foundations of protection ex situ is noted, the published data concerning the main directions reintroduction of rare, endangered and relict plant species are summarized in conditions of Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on the experience of introduction, maximum protection and landscaping.Maximum preservation and protection of rare and endangered species of plants ex situ is considered in addition to the protection of species in natural habitats and includes a set of activities aimed at the recovery of the studied species. Thus it is necessary to give priority to those species of plants that are endangered, require the reintroduction of natural habitat, species of the local flora and those that cause scientific interest.Solving the problem of increasing the number of species of rare and endangered species ex situ is possible through the creation of mother plantations of plants. In turn, mother plants are the source material for the procurement of stem cuttings to preserve the reserve and replenish planting material of studied species in a botanical nursery. Therefore, the productivity of mother plants indicates that the yield of different types of grafts depends on the biology of the species, farming cultivation, care for mother plantings, pruning for preparation lignified and green cuttings.The species composition of plants in landscaping of populated areas will look spectacular in created garden and park compositions: solitary and group plantings, parterre lawns, rocky hills, avenues, parks and squares.