USE OF INTRODUCED SPECIES OF CAPRIFOLIACEAE JUSS. GENUS IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF GREEN SPACES IN POPULATED AREAS

Abstract

The article deals with the use of introduced species of Сaprifoliaceae Juss. genus in the arrangement of green spaces in populated areas. The choice and measures for accelerated growing of planting stock of sweet-berry honeysuckle (Lonicera coeruleae L.) of the honeysuckle genus (Lonicera L.) are substantiated.Typical eco-biological and valuable horticultural-ornamental traits of sweet-berry honeysuckle (f. edulis – Lonicera coerula Turcz.) were found out, which create foundation for the wide introduction in landscaping of almost all regions of Ukraine.Sweet-berry honeysuckle is a frost-resistant and unpretentious plant. The plants are shade enduring, cold resistant, they grow rapidly, endure pruning as well as urban ecological conditions of air pollution.Depending on the purpose of landscaping, sweet-berry honeysuckle performs various functions, it can shape architectural and artistic appearance of the landscaping object, promote biological soil reclamation together with other plants, thus improving its recreational stability; protect from dust and noise; regulate humidity and temperature conditions.For landscaping to meet various functional needs it is necessary to take into account natural properties of sweet-berry honeysuckle while selecting its varieties: height, colour and leaf shape both during vegetation period and in autumn; colour of flowers, blossoming and fruit bearing periods and their duration.We suggest using sweet-berry honeysuckle for the arrangement of green spaces in populated areas as a decorative, aromatic, edible, medicinal plant for low hedgerow between gardens, strengthening the slopes and steeps, low borders, hedges, scattered and group plantings as well as for decorating water bodies.For accelerated growing of young plants of introduced species of sweet-berry honeysuckle it is advisable to use vegetative way of propagation by softwood cuttings.Regenerative ability of honeysuckle stem cuttings depends on many biotic and abiotic factors, first of all on the variety or shape, the time of cutting, type of cuttings, the use of plant growth substances in concentrations, optimal conditions of root establishing.The research has shown that under conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine softwood cuttings of honeysuckle (but not all shapes and varieties) have high regenerative ability when they are established under mist irrigation due to the use of early-spring and summer terms of cutting. Though the best results of root establishing showed the cuttings of such honeysuckle varieties as: Bogdana (51,0%), Medvedytsia (70,4%), Fialka (54,6%). Processes of root establishing of the cuttings of these varieties were more intensive compared to the cuttings, that were prepared from such varieties as: Stepova (51,3%), Holube Vereteno (42,8%), Tomichka (32,4%), Synia Ptytsia (31,4%).The influence of the researched plant growth regulators was already noticeable on the first days after planting of cuttings for root establishing. The experiment results have shown the optimal concentration of water solutions of physiologically active substance KANO depending on the variety – 10 – 25 mg/ l (table 2).Thus, under optimal concentrations of physiologically active substances the massive callus genesis began on the 5 – 8 day after planting of cuttings for root establishing, for control cuttings we observed this only on the 20 – 25 day.The treatment with water solution KANO (20mg/l during 12 hours) under the temperature of the solution 20 – 25?C had a positive influence on the root establishment and softwood cuttings development of the researched varieties of sweet-berry honeysuckle. The optimal KANO concentrations in all terms of cutting enhanced considerably regenerative ability of cuttings of all researched honeysuckle varieties, promoted the development of adventitious roots and formation of the above-ground part of the plant.Therefore the introduction of the technology of propagation by softwood cuttings will provide the most accelerated productive and effective growing of many decorative plants, fruit crops and soft fruits. This technology is essential for the propagation of species, forms and varieties of sweet-cherry honeysuckle, which are presented in small quantities in mother specimens and gives possibility to obtain own-rooted plants with genetic homogeneity, physiological and anatomical integrity.