PRODUCTIVIZATION OF CROPS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ACTIVE SILICON FORMS

Abstract

We showed the positive impact of silicon compounds on the crops productivization. Soil sampling was conducted on the Research Remediation Center of the Dnipropetrovsk State Agrarian and Economic University in Nikopol manganese ore basin. In the course of vegetation experiment, we conducted a series of laboratory experiments with the addition of Na2SiO3 in concentrations ranging from 0% to 0,4% (0%, 0,1%, 0,2%, 0,3%, and 0,4%). The main evaluation criterion was the reaction of plants (biomass change) to sodium silicate solution adding, regarding to the options of water irrigation.We selected seedling trays with cell size of 40x40x60 and the composite soil sample (blend of 40 samples from each experimental plot) weighing 30 g, which was optimal for a given cell size. The experiment lasted 14 days, watering was carried out every 3 days. We maintained the temperature and humidity in the range of 21-23°C and 50-70% respectively. We selected buckwheat as the representative of the non-grain crops, vetch - as grain legumes, sunflower - as oil-bearing plants. pH of soils studied ranged from 7,1 to 7,8, characterizing the soil as slightly alkaline. We processed the data using Microsoft Excel 2010 and STATISTIKA 10.0. We analyzed 160 samples of plants and identified their biomass. It was determined that the best concentration of sodium metasilicate in vegetation experiment was 0,2%. When using higher concentrations of sodium metasilicate, the biomass was higher only in experiments when vetch growing on pedozems, in all other cases it did not give better results than comparing to using 0.2% concentration of sodium metasilicate. When using high concentrations of monosilicic acid, gel-like film generates, and seeds have lack of germinating energy to overcome this film, so plant growth slows down. All selected cultures on technogenic soils respond well to silicon compounds adding by increasing the biomass.