INFLUENCE OF MORPHOTYPES ON THE INTENSITY OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS OF CREATED SAMPLES OF WINTER RYE

Abstract

Plant reconstruction is an effective means of increasing crop yields. Development of a promising model of the variety involves obtaining high-performance material with optimal plant architecture.The article theoretically substantiates the feasibility of changing the architectonics of winter rye plants in order to increase photosynthetic activity and crop productivity.It is proved that by changing the morphotype of plants, in particular, the orientation of placement in the space of leaf blade, it is possible to increase the area of photosynthetic surface of plants and the area of sowing as a whole. It is established that the samples of the carrier of recessive marker features of the genes Sp/sp, L/l have a higher content of chlorophyll a and c in photosynthetic organs and, accordingly, the productivity of plants.The color of photosynthetic organs affects the chlorophyll content of cells and the photosynthetic activity of plants and, accordingly, the productivity of the culture. Hybrids of winter rye in the genome W/w phenotypically different in the population of plants dark green with a barely noticeable waxy coating and have a higher content of chlorophyll a and в compared with homozygous forms (WW, ww). Hybrids have been found to have a higher intensity of photosynthesis and, accordingly, a number of economic and valuable features than the original forms.The results of the monitoring of the cultural population of winter rye plants have been shown and samples with high photosynthetic activity have been isolated. A collection of self-fertile donors of erectoid trait gene traits by placement of a leaf blade (303/15, 289/15), sample without ligula (59–1), wax-free plaque of photosynthetic organs (103/16, 314–22), which is expedient to use in the breeding process of obtaining new outputs materials of culture was created.